its reversal.5 Luke’s depiction of the tongues of Pentecost is shaped in contrast to the confused tongues of Babel. In Genesis 11, humankind is scattered over the face of the earth into different languages, while the tongues of Pentecost point to a reunification of humankind under a common understanding of the gospel message. At Babel, the tongues are confused, which is precisely the initial response of the audience at Pentecost, revealing a linguistic dependence between the two passages that ‘is
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